Lascaux Artist Acrylics - Transoxide Brown, 45 ml tube

Pigment Information

This color contains the following pigments:

PBk28-Black Spinel

PR101-Red Iron Oxide

Pigment Name

PBk28-Black Spinel

Pigment Type

inorganic

Chemical Name

copper chromite black

Properties

Black Spinel is a very neutral opaque black pigment, excellent for tinting to create neutral grays.

Permanence

Black Spinel has excellent lightfastness.

Toxicity

Black Spinel is mildly toxic. The pigment itself has an extremely fine particle size. It causes irritation and ulceration to skin. Respiratory exposure and exposure to dust are serious concerns.

History

Black Spinel is much more expensive than carbon-based blacks. Its use as a pigment has been limited to applications where a truly neutral black or gray tone is needed.

Pigment Name

PR101-Red Iron Oxide

Pigment Type

earth, synthetic

Chemical Name

iron oxides (synthetic), iron oxide, silica, alumina, lime, and magnesia or hydrated iron oxide

Chemical Formula

Fe2O2 or Fe2O3 x H2O

Properties

Red iron oxide varies in hue and transparency, depending on hydration and slight impurities. Indian Red is a slightly duller, deep brick hue with a bluish undertone. It is very dense and opaque, with excellent tinting strength and covering power. It is dependable when mixing with all other permanent pigments and yields good flesh tints when mixed with Zinc White. It is the synthetic version of PR102, which is a pigment made from earth reds, or natural red iron oxides, and the names applied to PR101 and PR102 often overlap. The synthetic red iron oxides have mostly replaced natural red iron oxides and are brighter, stronger, finer, and more permanent. Indian Red is the highest grade bluish shade. Light Red, English Red, and Venetian Red are yellowish shades. Mars Violet is a dull and subdued bluish or purplish oxide.

Permanence

Red iron oxide is very lightfast with excellent permanence.

Toxicity

Red iron oxide has no significant hazards.

History

Natural red iron oxide comes from the mineral ore hematite, called bloodstone by the ancient Greeks from the word hema, meaning blood. It is one of the oldest pigments, has been used by every major civilization, and was an important mineral for medieval alchemists. It was not widely used in artists' materials until the 17th century and was not produced in large quantities until the 18th century.