Grumbacher Pre-Tested Artists' Oil Color - Nickel Titanate Yellow, 1.25 oz tube

Pigment Information

This color contains the following pigments:

PW21-Barium Sulfate

PG18-Viridian

PY3-Hansa Yellow 10G

PY53-Nickel Titanium Yellow

Pigment Name

PW21-Barium Sulfate

Pigment Type

Inorganic

Pigment Name

PG18-Viridian

Pigment Type

inorganic

Chemical Name

chromium(III)-oxide dehydrate

Chemical Formula

Cr2O3 • 2 H2O or Cr2(OH3)

Properties

Viridian is the standard green and is stable, powerful, and cold with an emerald green undertone. It has a transparent hue, good tinting strength, a dark masstone that can be almost black at full strength, and a slow drying time in oil form. Viridian is commonly replaced by the darker, more saturated, and staining Phthalo Greens, but its properties make it a necessary part of the palette of an experienced landscape painter.

Permanence

Viridian has excellent permanence, except in high-temperature work, and is highly valued as a glazing color.

Toxicity

Viridian is slightly toxic.

History

Viridian’s name comes from the Latin viridis, meaning green. The process for manufacturing Viridian, or Transparent Oxide of Chromium, was patented by Guignet in Paris in 1859. However, it had actually been discovered by Pannetier and Binet in 1838. Viridian replaced Verdigris, which was reactive and unstable, and Emerald Green, which was a poisonous copper aceto-arsenite used as a rat poison in the sewers of Paris.

Pigment Name

PY3-Hansa Yellow 10G

Pigment Type

organic, monoazo

Chemical Formula

C16H12CL2N4O2

Properties

This Hansa yellow is a transparent yellow. It has great brightness and tinting strength and its drying time ranges from average to slow. Hansa Yellow makes more intense tints and cleaner secondaries than Cadmium Yellows, especially when mixed with other organic or modern colors like Phthalo Blue and Green. Because they are more transparent, they have great value as glazing colors.

Permanence

This Hansa Yellow has fair to good permanence, particularly in the lighter shades.

Toxicity

Hansa Yellow has no significant acute hazards, though its chronic hazards have not been well studied.

History

Hansa Yellows were first made in Germany just before WW1 from a series of synthetic dyestuffs called Pigment Yellow. They were intended to be a synthetic replacement for Cadmium Yellow.

Pigment Name

PY53-Nickel Titanium Yellow

Pigment Type

inorganic

Chemical Name

mixed metal oxide

Chemical Formula

(Ti,Ni,Sb)O2

Properties

Nickel Titanium Yellow is one of the cleanest and brightest of the inorganic pigments. It has a low tinting strength and average to slow drying time.

Permanence

Nickel Titanium Yellow has excellent lightfastness and outstanding stability with regard to chemicals, weather, and heat. It is durable in exterior conditions.

Toxicity

Nickel Titanium Yellow is not considered toxic.

History

Nickel Titanium Yellow was developed in the 1960s.